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Synthesis and evaluation of potential antimicrobial agents
Sýkorová, Jana ; Krátký, Martin (advisor) ; Matouš, Petr (referee)
Antibiotic resistance is a global problem and the development of new drugs, among other approaches, should contribute to mitigating the consequences. All newly prepared compounds are based on the 4,6-dimethylpyrimidine-2-amine, in some syntheses its derivative sulfamethazine was used as a starting compound. The starting molecule was chosen based on the antimicrobial activity of 4,6-dimethylpyrimidine-2-amine derivatives. The aim of three one-step syntheses was to prepare sulfonamides from 4,6-dimethylpyrimidine-2-amine and corresponding sulfonyl chlorides. Other ten also one-step reactions led to the preparation of Schiff bases, which are mostly based on salicylaldehyde and benzaldehyde derivatives. Different methods were used, yields ranged from 13 % to 48 % for sulfonamides and from 13 % to 96 % for Schiff bases. All thirteen compounds were tested for antibacterial (against selected G+ and G- strains) and antifungal activity using the microdilution broth method. In general, the compounds were ineffective against G- bacteria and, on the other hand, showed the greatest activity (i.e., lowest minimum inhibitory concentrations, MIC) against fungi. Sulfonamides were ineffective. The lowest MICs for both fungi (3.9 µmol l-1) and bacteria (15.62 µmol l-1) were found for...
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Synthesis and evaluation of potential antimicrobial agents
Šimková, Adéla ; Krátký, Martin (advisor) ; Matouš, Petr (referee)
The topic of this bachelor thesis is an alarming global problem of acquired resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-intermediate susceptible Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin- resistant enterococci strains, their limited current treatment options for infections caused by these pathogens, synthesis and evaluation of potential antimicrobial compounds active also against these resistant Gram-positive strains. The development of novel drugs against drug-resistant pathogens is challenging. Designed compounds are based on sulfa drug mafenide, which is used in the treatment of topical infections caused by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The targeted imines were prepared from mafenide acetate and carbonyl compounds in one step. Most of these novel compounds are derivatives of salicylaldehyde, furthermore, derivates of 5- nitrothiophene-2-carbaldehyde and isatin were also synthesized. Thirteen compounds were prepared with good yields (50-95%). All these compounds were tested against Gram-positive (including MRSA) and Gram-negative bacteria, mycobacteria, and fungi by the broth microdilution method. The lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against bacteria, fungi as well as the highest...
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